How do task, experience and type of stimuli constraint reaction time in school-aged individuals?
Abstract
This study show how reaction time varies according to organismic, environmental and task constraints. The reaction time (RT) and movement time (MT) of thirty-six adolescents with different sport experience (football, tennis players and sedentary individuals) were measured. Participants faced with non-sport related auditory and visual stimuli, and with specific tennis and football visual stimuli (FVS). All the participants were asked to respond with the upper and lower limb. Football players showed shorter RT than sedentary individuals responding with their lower limb and shorter MT aimed to the non-dominant side in FVS. Auditory and FVS caused shorter RTs, with no differences between them, particularly for football players. RT is influenced by organismic and task constraints and by the way the individuals face the task and perceive their opportunities of action. These factors should be taken into account to assess perceptive responses, and to design tasks directed to improve sport reaction skills.
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