Effect of different training methods.for improving the performance in vertical jump force
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to determine the effect of two types of strength training on the different manifestations of dynamic force in which light loads (repetitive jumps) and heavy loads are combined (Squat 70% of the 1RM). The study sample was selected from the Spanish Army (n=30: 15 males in each group, 22 ± 4 years of age), for which no control group existed. The reason for the lack of group control is sufficiently verified by scientific literature demonstrating that strength training produces significant gains in the height of the jump. The manipulated independent variable is the form of combination of the loads. In group 1 the combination of loads is made in the same set, and in group 2 the combination of loads is made in different sets, thereby determining which method, of both used, is more effective. Procedure: Both experimental groups trained 3 times per week, during 8 consecutive weeks. The intensity of the training and the load were the same for both groups. The height of the jumps was measured by means of an electronic platform at the beginning of the experiment and in the 4th and 8th weeks. Measures were made following the Bosco protocol: Squat Jump (SJ), Contramovement Jump (CMJ), Squat Jump with 50% of body weight (SJ50), Squat Jump with 100% of body weight (SJ100) and the maximum force of the lower limbs by means of a maximum repetition -1RM in Squats. Results: After the corresponding statistical analysis, made the t-Student, it was observed that of all the variables studied a significant increase took place (p<.001). In the comparison between groups, group 1 obtained gains in height more quickly, although ultimately the results between both groups were equal. However, with respect to the maximum force obtained, group 1 obtained higher increases (p<.001). Conclusions: The different manifestations of dynamic force improve significantly with both methods. Group 1 training produces faster adaptations in explosive force and higher increases in the maximum force than in group 2 training.
KEY WORDS: Training, strength, vertical jump.
